How To Choose A Shampoo For Your Hair

When you’re looking for shampoo products, you know it’s not easy to decide which one to buy. This is because they come in many types, each designed for various hair needs and concerns.

These shampoos all contain different ingredients that promise different results. Some shampoos tout natural ingredients like argan oil or aloe vera, which are known for their nourishing properties, while others may include sulfates and parabens that can deeply cleanse but potentially strip hair of its natural oils.

While some shampoos claim to make your hair shine, others promise hydration, often infused with moisturizing agents that aim to restore the moisture balance of your hair. In addition, there are volumizing shampoos that promise to add body and fullness to limp strands.

Some claim to work faster in breaking up dirt and cleansing your hair, utilizing advanced formulations or clarifying agents that help to remove product build-up and excess oil more efficiently. Each product is marketed with unique selling points, and understanding the specific benefits, active ingredients, and your hair type can ultimately help you make the best choice for your hair care routine.

The array of options can be overwhelming, but with some research and consideration of your hair’s specific needs, you can find the ideal shampoo that delivers the results you desire.

In this article, you will get a detailed understanding of harmful shampoo ingredients and more –

• What Ingredients Do Most Shampoos Contain?
• Choose Shampoo According To Hair Type
• What Are The Ingredients Your Hair Needs
• How to Read Shampoo Labels
• Harmful Shampoo Ingredients To Avoid In 2025
• Shampoo Bars vs Traditional Shampoos

What Ingredients Do Most Traditional Shampoos Contain?

The International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI) is a comprehensive list detailing all the ingredients found in a product. It’s essential to refer to this list before purchasing to understand its components. The FDA mandates that manufacturers disclose the ingredients used in shampoos with standardized names recognized throughout the industry.

Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Founded in 1976 by the industry trade association (formerly the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, now known as the Personal Care Products Council), with backing from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Consumer Federation of America, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review operates independently of the Council and the cosmetics industry, despite being funded by the Council.

CIR evaluates and determines the safety of cosmetic ingredients in a transparent, unbiased, and expert manner. Additional information regarding CIRS evaluated cosmetic ingredients can be accessed here.

Carrying agents are primarily found at the top of the INCI list. Their main role is to assist active ingredients in shampoos in achieving their desired effects. A commonly used carrying agent is “aqua,” which is simply water.

Some manufacturers use alcohol as a carrying agent, either instead of or alongside water. It’s important to note that certain types of alcohol can cause your hair to become dry and brittle. Alcohols such as propanol, ethanol, isopropyl, and propyl can have this drying effect.

On the other hand, “fatty alcohols” possess a different chemical structure and are beneficial for hair because they help retain moisture. Examples of these include cetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol.

Most traditional shampoos contain a variety of ingredients that work together to cleanse and care for your hair. Here’s a breakdown of the common components you’ll find in shampoos approved by the FDA in the USA:

Cleansing Agents (Surfactants)

These are the primary ingredients that help remove dirt, oil, and product buildup from your hair. Common surfactants include:

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS): A powerful cleanser that produces a luxurious, creamy lather, effectively removing impurities and leaving your skin feeling refreshed and revitalized. Ideal for daily use, this cleanser is suitable for all skin types and ensures a deep clean without stripping away natural oils, maintaining your skin’s natural balance and glow.

Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES): A milder alternative to SLS, often used in “gentle” formulations, is sodium cocoyl isethionate. This ingredient is derived from coconut oil and is known for its ability to cleanse the skin and hair without causing irritation or dryness. It produces a rich, creamy lather and is commonly found in products designed for sensitive skin, such as facial cleansers, shampoos, and body washes.

Sodium cocoyl isethionate is favored for its biodegradable properties and its ability to maintain the skin’s natural moisture balance, making it a popular choice for eco-friendly and skin-friendly personal care products.

Thickeners

To give shampoo its desired consistency, thickeners are added. These include:

Xanthan Gum: A natural thickener derived from fermentation.
Carbomer: A synthetic polymer that helps stabilize and thicken the formula.

Conditioning Agents

These ingredients help to smooth and detangle hair, making it easier to manage. Some popular conditioning agents are:

Silicones (e.g., Dimethicone): Provide shine and reduce frizz.

Polyquaternium: Helps to improve texture and manageability.

Preservatives

To prevent microbial growth and extend shelf life, preservatives are crucial. Common ones include:

Phenoxyethanol: A widely used preservative that’s considered safe in low concentrations.

Is phenoxyethanol a safe preservative? Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in cosmetics and personal care products. It is considered safe by various regulatory bodies, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS), when used in concentrations up to 1%. It helps prevent microbial growth and extends product shelf life. However, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions. While generally regarded as safe, it’s essential for consumers to be aware of their own sensitivities and to check product labels for potential allergens.

Methylparaben: Often used in conjunction with other preservatives to enhance efficacy.

Fragrance

Most shampoos include synthetic or natural fragrances to provide a pleasant scent. However, some people may prefer fragrance-free options due to sensitivities.

Synthetic vs. Natural  Synthetic fragrances are artificially created in laboratories, often using petroleum derivatives, whereas natural fragrances are sourced from plants and animals.  Synthetic scents may have toxic compounds associated with allergies, hormonal imbalance, and potentially cancer. Take the initiative to check labels and opt for products that utilize essential oils or natural plant fragrances.

Colorants

These are added to give shampoo an appealing look. While they don’t affect performance, they can enhance the product’s visual appeal.

pH Adjusters

pH adjusters like citric acid may be included to maintain a balanced pH level and ensure the shampoo is gentle on the scalp and hair.

Citric acid and glycolic acid are two widely used pH regulators. To prevent scum from forming on hair, sequestering agents like polyphosphates and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid are utilized.

Additionally, some preservatives inhibit the growth of bacteria.

Typical preservatives consist of:

sodium benzoate
1,3-dimethylol-5,5-dimethyl (DMDM) hydantoin
tetrasodium EDTA
methylisothiazolinone
potassium sorbate
sorbic acid
dehydroacetic acid
benzyl alcohol

Specialty Ingredients

Depending on the shampoo’s target purpose, you might find:

Herbal Extracts (e.g., Aloe Vera, Chamomile): For soothing and nourishing the scalp.

Vitamins (e.g., Vitamin E, Panthenol): To promote healthy hair.

When selecting a shampoo, also think about your lifestyle and hair care routine. If you wash your hair frequently, opt for a gentle formula to prevent over-drying. For those with curly or textured hair, look for products that enhance moisture and define curls. Additionally, consider environmental factors such as humidity or hard water, as these can impact your hair’s condition and the effectiveness of the shampoo.

How To Choose Shampoo According To Hair Type

When trying out new haircare or skincare products, it’s essential to perform a patch test to prevent any adverse reactions. To do this, apply a small amount of the product behind your ear or on your inner wrist where the skin is more sensitive. Remember, even your shampoo can expire, so ensure you use the shampoo before it expires in order to get the best results.

This area is ideal as it mimics potential irritation on the scalp or face. Wait for at least 24 hours to check for any signs of irritation, such as redness, itching, or swelling. If none occur, it’s generally safe to use the product on a larger area.

Hair Type	Shampoo Characteristics	Key Ingredients	Additional Tips

Oily

• Clarifying or balancing • Sulfate‑free to avoid over‑stripping • Lightweight formula

• Tea tree oil • Salicylic acid • Lemon extract

• Shampoo every other day or daily • Focus on roots; rinse ends lightly

Dry/Damaged

• Deep‑moisturizing • Creamy, nourishing lather • Sulfate‑free

• Argan oil • Shea butter • Keratin proteins

• Avoid daily washing (2–3×/week) • Pair with a hydrating conditioner

Normal/Balanced

• Gentle, everyday use • pH‑balanced • Light conditioning

• Aloe vera • Panthenol (pro‑vitamin B₅) • Mild amino acids

• Wash 2–3 times per week • Rotate with a clarifying shampoo monthly

Curly/Wavy

• Sulfate‑free, moisture‑rich • Cream or co‑wash options • Defines curls without crunchy residue

• Coconut oil • Glycerin • Silk amino acids

• Use “wash-and-go” leave‑in products • Detangle under running water

Color‑Treated

• Color‑safe (no sulfates or harsh salts) • UV protection • pH‑protecting

• UV filters • Antioxidants (vitamin E) • Red algae extract

• Wash 1–2×/week • Rinse with cool water to seal cuticle

Fine/Thin

• Volumizing, lightweight • Clarifying to reduce buildup • Protein‑boosted

• Biotin • Hydrolyzed wheat protein • Rice protein

• Avoid heavy silicones • Shampoo roots only; condition ends

Thick/Coarse

• Ultra‑hydrating • Creamy, rich lather • Detangling agents

• Shea butter • Avocado oil • Macadamia oil

• Pre‑shampoo oil or mask • Use wide‑tooth comb in shower

Dandruff‑Prone

• Anti‑dandruff (medicated) • Soothing, anti‑itch • Balancing

• Zinc pyrithione • Ketoconazole • Coal tar or salicylic acid

• Lather and leave on scalp for 3–5 minutes • Alternate with gentle shampoo

The needs of your hair can change with the seasons due to variations in temperature, humidity, and environmental factors. In winter, hair often becomes dry and static due to indoor heating and cold air; therefore, incorporating a rich and moisturizing formula can alleviate these issues.

Conversely, during the summer, excess humidity can lead to oiliness or limpness, so opting for lighter products can help maintain volume and prevent weigh down.

Understanding your hair’s needs is vital for maintaining its health. If your hair feels heavy, greasy, or unmanageable, it may be time to switch to a gentler or volumizing shampoo.

These products typically contain lighter formulas that provide a boost without overwhelming the hair. On the other hand, if your hair seems dry, brittle, or prone to breakage, seek out shampoos enriched with hydrating ingredients or those specifically formulated for repair. These products can provide the necessary nourishment to rejuvenate your strands.

What Are The Ingredients Your Hair Needs

A shampoo is deemed natural when it lacks sulfates and features organic and plant-derived components.

Rather than using synthetic substances, natural shampoos frequently incorporate essential oils, fruit extracts, botanicals, and certified organic materials.

What is Keratin? Keratin is a fibrous protein that serves as a key structural component of hair, skin, and nails. It is a type of protein that provides strength and resilience, making it essential for maintaining the integrity of these tissues. Key Functions of Keratin: Strength: Keratin forms a protective barrier, helping to prevent damage from environmental factors and physical stress. Structure: It provides the framework for hair strands, contributing to their shape and texture. Moisture Retention: Keratin helps in retaining moisture, keeping hair hydrated and reducing frizz. Keratin is naturally produced in the body, but it can also be found in various hair care products, such as shampoos and conditioners, often marketed for their ability to strengthen and repair hair. Treatments like keratin smoothing treatments are popular for enhancing shine and reducing curl or frizz.

Plant-based ingredients are usually considered gentle, such as seed oils and fruit extracts, as they are less likely to upset the natural pH and oil equilibrium of the hair and scalp.

Nevertheless, ensure you test for any allergic reactions before using any ingredients you might be sensitive to.

Natural Ingredients Your Hair Needs:

Plant Oils

• Jojoba Oil: Mimics the natural oils of the scalp, providing moisture and promoting healthy hair growth.
• Argan Oil: Rich in antioxidants and fatty acids, it nourishes and hydrates, leaving hair soft and shiny.
• Geranium Oil: Balances oil production and promotes a healthy scalp, enhancing hair vitality.

Organic Green Tea
Packed with antioxidants, organic green tea helps to protect hair from environmental damage and may promote hair growth. Incorporating organic green tea into your hair care routine, whether through rinses or topical treatments, can provide a natural way to enhance the vitality of your hair, while sipping on the refreshing drink may offer internal benefits that contribute to overall hair health.

Aloe Vera
Known for its soothing properties, aloe vera hydrates the scalp and hair, reducing irritation and promoting shine. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory properties of aloe vera can alleviate scalp irritation, providing relief for those who may suffer from conditions like psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis.

Additionally, aloe vera promotes shine by smoothing the hair cuticle, enhancing light reflection, and giving the hair a healthier appearance. Its natural conditioning agents also help to detangle hair, making it easier to manage.

Incorporating aloe vera into a hair care routine can be as simple as using it in the form of gels, shampoos, conditioners, or even as a standalone treatment. Whether you’re looking to hydrate your scalp, reduce irritation, or achieve that coveted shine, aloe vera is a versatile ingredient that can cater to a range of hair care needs.

Chamomile
This gentle herb not only soothes the scalp but also adds natural highlights and enhances hair brightness. Its nourishing properties work to improve hair texture, leaving it soft, shiny, and full of life. Regular use can help reduce dryness and promote a healthier, more vibrant appearance, making it a perfect addition to your hair care routine.

Coconut Oil
A powerhouse of moisture, coconut oil penetrates the hair shaft, reducing protein loss and preventing damage. Its natural fatty acids nourish the scalp, promoting healthier, shinier, and more resilient hair. Regular use can also help combat dryness, frizz, and split ends, making it an essential addition to any hair care routine.

Root Extracts

Burdock Root: Known for its anti-inflammatory properties, it helps soothe the scalp and promote healthy hair growth.

Fruit Extracts

Star Anise: Rich in vitamins, it adds shine and helps to strengthen hair while providing a delightful scent.

Essential Oils

These natural components are softer on the hair and scalp, as they do not strip away the hair cuticles during cleansing. They also assist in hydration while effectively providing a thorough clean.

How to Read Shampoo Labels

When it comes to choosing the right shampoo, understanding the labels is crucial to ensure you match your hair needs. Below is a detailed breakdown of the key components you’ll find on shampoo labels, highlighting their functions and benefits.

Surfactants (Cleansers): Surfactants are the cleansing agents in shampoos that help to remove dirt, oil, and product buildup from the hair and scalp.

• Strong Cleansers: Ingredients like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) are highly effective in breaking down oils and grime. While they provide a deep clean, they can also strip the hair of its natural moisture, leaving it dry and brittle. This is especially important for individuals with dry or curly hair types.
• Gentle Surfactants: On the other hand, gentler ingredients such as cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium cocoyl isethionate offer a more mild cleansing action. They help to clean without overly drying the hair, making them suitable for sensitive scalps or damaged hair. If you find your hair becoming frizzy or lifeless, opting for shampoos with these gentler surfactants might be the way to go.

Conditioning Agents: Conditioning agents are added to shampoos to enhance the manageability, shine, and moisture of hair.

• Silicones: Ingredients like dimethicone provide a smoothness and shine to hair, making it easier to comb and style. However, they can lead to product buildup on the hair over time, which may require a stronger cleansing formula to remove.
• Natural Oils/ Butters: Ingredients such as argan oil and shea butter are known for their nourishing properties. They help to moisturize and protect the hair without leaving a greasy residue. For those with an oily scalp, it’s best to look for shampoos that are labeled “non-comedogenic,” indicating that the products won’t clog the pores on the scalp.

Additives & Actives: Shampoos may also include a variety of specialized ingredients aimed at treating specific hair issues.

• Protein: Proteins are often used in formulations designed to strengthen weak or damaged hair. However, it’s important to use them wisely; excessive protein can lead to stiffness and brittleness, so finding a balance according to your hair’s needs is essential.
• Humectants: Ingredients like glycerin and panthenol draw moisture into the hair. These are particularly beneficial for keeping hair hydrated. But be cautious; in high-humidity environments, too much moisture can lead to frizz, so using such ingredients sparingly is advised.

Free-From Claims: Many shampoos now carry labels that boast being “sulfate-free,” “paraben-free,” “phthalate-free,” etc.

• These claims can be important for those with sensitive skin or color-treated hair. Sulfates can irritate the scalp or lead to color fading, while parabens have raised concerns regarding skin sensitivity. However, it’s crucial to note that just because a shampoo makes these claims, it doesn’t automatically mean it will be gentle or suitable for every hair type. Always consider the overall formulation alongside these claims.

By delving deeper into the ingredients listed on shampoo labels, you can make more educated choices that cater to your hair type and concerns. Whether you need gentle cleansing, deep conditioning, or specialized treatments, understanding what to look for can help you select the perfect product.

List of Harmful Ingredients You Must Avoid In Your Shampoo In 2025 [Worst To Least]

Rank	Ingredient	Main Concern	Common Synonyms / Examples
1	1,4-Dioxane	Possible human carcinogen; contaminant formed during ethoxylation processes.	1,4-Dioxane
2	Formaldehyde & releasers (e.g., Quaternium-15)	Known human carcinogen; skin sensitizer	Formaldehyde, Quaternium-15, DMDM Hydantoin
3	Phthalates (e.g., DBP, DEHP)	Endocrine disruption; reproductive and developmental toxicity.	Dibutyl phthalate, Diethylhexyl phthalate
4	Parabens (methyl-, propyl-, butyl-)	Hormone-mimicking activity; possible reproductive harm.	Methylparaben, Propylparaben, Butylparaben
5	Cocamide DEA	Classified “possibly carcinogenic” (IARC 2B); moderate cancer and allergy concerns.	Cocamide Diethanolamine
6	Triclosan	Endocrine disruptor; banned in antibacterial soaps due to dermatitis risk	Triclosan
7	Sulfates (SLS, SLES)	Skin/eye irritants; strip natural oils leading to dryness and breakage.	Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES)
8	Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs)	May be contaminated with 1,4-dioxane; act as skin-penetration enhancers.	PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate
9	Synthetic Fragrances (“Fragrance”/“Parfum”)	Often comprise dozens of undisclosed chemicals; allergenic and potentially toxic.	Fragrance, Parfum
10	Silicones (e.g., Dimethicone)	Build-up on hair/scalp; environmental persistence; can trap dirt.	Dimethicone, Cyclomethicone

Shampoo Bars vs Traditional Shampoos

When it comes to hair care, the choice between shampoo bars and traditional shampoos is becoming increasingly popular. Tangie Shampoo Bar is a standout option in the realm of vegan shampoo bars, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to liquid shampoos.

Shampoo Bars are compact and often packaged with minimal plastic, making them a great choice for environmentally conscious consumers. They are typically made with natural ingredients and free from harsh chemicals, which can be gentler on both hair and scalp. For instance, Tangie Shampoo Bars are formulated with nourishing plant oils and botanical extracts, providing effective cleansing while promoting healthy hair.

In contrast, Traditional Shampoos often come in plastic bottles and may contain synthetic ingredients, sulfates, and preservatives. While they can effectively cleanse hair, some people find that these formulations strip natural oils, leading to dryness and irritation.

One of the key benefits of shampoo bars, like those from Tangie, is their portability. They are travel-friendly and can last longer than liquid shampoos, making them a cost-effective option. Additionally, vegan shampoo bars cater to those seeking cruelty-free alternatives, ensuring no animal testing or animal-derived ingredients are involved.

In summary, choosing between shampoo bars and traditional shampoos depends on personal preferences and values. With products like the Tangie Shampoo Bar, you can enjoy a sustainable, gentle, and effective hair care experience while contributing to a greener planet.

Frequently Asked Questions About Shampoos